Frankfurt Cases｜法蘭克福案例：即使一個人其實沒有別的選項，也可能仍要為自己真正選的行動負責嗎

Frankfurt-style cases challenge the Principle of Alternative Possibilities. They imagine a backup intervener who would force an agent to perform an action if necessary, yet never intervenes because the agent performs that action on their own; the case is used to ask whether moral responsibility requires genuine alternatives.

批評者爭論 Frankfurt cases 是否真的消除了所有 morally relevant alternatives；即使案例成功，也不會單獨解決 determinism 與 free will 的全部問題。